2,3,5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) is a redox indicator and biological staining reagent that us commonly used for biochemical and life science research. It helps assess cellular respiration, metabolic activity, and tissue viability by detecting the activity of dehydrogenase enzymes in living cells. It is reduced to a red colored formazan in metabolically active tissue, but is not stained in non-viable or damaged tissue. This property makes TTC useful in various applications such as pathology studies for differentiating healthy tissue from infarcted or necrotic tissue, and also for microbiological, seed viability, and cell viability testing applications.
Cas no. – 298-96-4Â
Synonyms – Tetrazole Red, Tetrazolium Red, TC
| Physical and Chemical Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C19H15ClN4Â |
| IUPAC Name | 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazol-2-ium chloride |
| Molecular weight | 334.8 g/mol |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, Acetone, Alcohol |
| Storage | Store at Room temperature |
| Color | White to yellow |
| Physical State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 235 °C – 245 °C |
| Appearance | Crystalline powder |
| Pictograms : |  |
| Hazard Statements : | H315: Causes skin irritation. H319: Causes serious eye irritation. |
| Precautionary statements : | P264: Wash skin thoroughly after handling. P280: Wear protective gloves/ eye protection/ face protection. P337 + P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P302 + P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing |
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2,3,5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) is a redox indicator and biological staining reagent that us commonly used for biochemical and life science research. It helps assess cellular respiration, metabolic activity, and tissue viability by detecting the activity of dehydrogenase enzymes in living cells. It is reduced to a red colored formazan in metabolically active tissue, but is not stained in non-viable or damaged tissue. This property makes TTC useful in various applications such as pathology studies for differentiating healthy tissue from infarcted or necrotic tissue, and also for microbiological, seed viability, and cell viability testing applications.
Cas no. – 298-96-4Â
Synonyms – Tetrazole Red, Tetrazolium Red, TC
| Physical and Chemical Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C19H15ClN4Â |
| IUPAC Name | 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazol-2-ium chloride |
| Molecular weight | 334.8 g/mol |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, Acetone, Alcohol |
| Storage | Store at Room temperature |
| Color | White to yellow |
| Physical State | Solid |
| Melting Point | 235 °C – 245 °C |
| Appearance | Crystalline powder |
| Pictograms : | |
| Hazard Statements : | H315: Causes skin irritation. H319: Causes serious eye irritation. |
| Precautionary statements : | P264: Wash skin thoroughly after handling. P280: Wear protective gloves/ eye protection/ face protection. P337 + P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P302 + P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing |
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2,3,5-Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) is a redox indicator that is broadly employed in lab and research settings to assess metabolic activity and viability of cells and tissues. It is commonly used in cell viability assays, microbial applications, seed viability assays, and tissue staining. It is also widely used in cardiac research to differentiate normal tissue from tissue that has been injured by myocardial infarction.
Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) is used to measure cell viability and metabolic activity based on the dehydrogenase enzyme activity in live cells. The metabolically active cells convert TTC to a red coloured formazan dye whereas damaged or non-viable cells have insufficient enzymatic activity and do not stain. This reaction is a measure of tissue respiration and cell activity.
2,3,5 Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride turns red when it is reduced by active cellular enzymes, particularly dehydrogenases, during normal cellular metabolic processes. The electron donor will donate electrons to these enzymes, thereby converting TTC to an insoluble red compound called triphenyl formazan (TPF). Because this reaction occurs only in living, metabolically active cells, the intensity of the red coloration is commonly used as an indicator of cell viability, tissue health, and metabolic activity in biological, microbiological, and research applications.
2,3,5 Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) is one of the most commonly used chemicals in testing seed viability. The Tetrazolium (TZ) test is used to determine the viability of seed tissues without having to complete a germination test, by observing the formazan compound which forms a reddish color on the living tissues within the seed.
