Citric Acid

Properties of Citric acid 

Uses of Citric Acid 

• Preservatives – Lower pH and inhibit microbial growth to extend the shelf life of food and beverages.
• Cheese production – Aids in curdling milk during the preparation of cheeses such as ricotta and paneer.
• Flavouring agents – Enhance tartness and taste in soft drinks, juices, sodas, and confectionery products.
• Beer and wine industry  – Serves as an acid regulator to maintain product stability and flavor balance.
• Pharmaceutical & Nutraceutical – Used in tablet and powder formulations, acts as a chelating agent to prevent oxidation of active ingredients, stabilizes oral syrups and injectables, and serves as a carrier in mineral supplements (e.g., calcium citrate).
• Cosmetic & Personal Care – Functions as a pH adjuster in creams, shampoos, and cleansers; also used as a mild exfoliant and brightening agent in AHA formulations, and in effervescent face masks and bath products.
• Textile and laundry – Removes stains, neutralizes detergent alkalinity to soften fabrics, reduces skin irritation, and serves as a chelating and descaling agent in cleaning formulations.

Side Effects of Citric Acid

Citric acid is generally recognised as safe (GRAS)  to use in food and skincare products, but there may be of side effects with concentrated or improper use.

Mild to Moderate effects

• Skin irritation or erythema
• Enamel erosion or tooth sensitivity 
• Nausea and vomiting
• Oral or mucosal irritation 
• Gastrointestinal upset in high doses

Rare but serious side effects 

• Confusion 
• Lighteadedness
• Chest discomfort
• Numbness or tingling
• Fatigue or exhaustion